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The ecosystem approach to ecology treats organisms and the physical elements of their environment as components of a single, integrated system. This textbook outlines the central processes that characterize terrestrial ecosystems, tracing the flow of water, carbon, and nutrients from their abiotic origins to their cycles through plants, animals, and decomposer organisms. As human activity becomes an increasingly dominant factor in natural processes around the globe, landscape dynamics over time and space have become the focus of attention. This book synthesizes advances in ecology with established theory to offer a complete survey of ecosystem pattern and process in the terrestrial environment.